Researchers at the University of New Mexico (UNM) are working on more efficient and effective treatments for social deficits in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social deficits are a core feature of ASD and can lead to underemployment and isolation. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) specialize in delivering treatments for social communication disorders in ASD, but the current treatments are slow and tedious to implement. Joan Esse Wilson, an SLP, is researching ways to improve these treatments.
The UNM researchers are studying the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a form of noninvasive brain stimulation, to enhance social functioning in individuals with ASD. Claudia Tesche, a professor at UNM, and her collaborators have published two recently published papers on this research. The studies involve using tDCS with treatments for social functioning, emotion verbal fluency, and empathy in people with ASD. The research collaboration involves multiple departments at UNM and Sandia National Laboratory.
The prevalence rates of ASD have increased to 1 in 40, making it the fastest growing neurodevelopmental disorder in the U.S. People with “high-functioning” ASD often struggle with social interactions, leading to difficulties in employment and social isolation. The current treatments for social deficits in ASD are slow and tedious, but the use of tDCS may offer a more efficient and effective approach.
The research study has been approved to include adolescents ages 15 years and older. This research brings hope to individuals with ASD and their families, as it aims to address the social deficits that they face. The collaboration between UNM and Sandia National Laboratory is expected to provide valuable insights into improving social functioning treatments for people with ASD.